An Investigation of the Factors Influencing Career Choices Among Nursing Students at the University of Jos
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Background of the Study
Career choice is a crucial decision that shapes an individual’s professional journey and impacts job satisfaction, career progression, and overall contribution to the workforce. In the field of nursing, career choices are influenced by various factors, including personal interests, societal expectations, financial incentives, job security, and professional growth opportunities (Ogunleye et al., 2023). As the demand for skilled healthcare professionals increases globally, understanding the motivations and determinants behind nursing students’ career choices becomes essential in addressing workforce shortages and improving healthcare delivery.
At the University of Jos, nursing students are exposed to various career pathways, including clinical nursing, academia, administration, research, and specialized nursing fields such as critical care and midwifery. However, the specific factors that influence their career decisions remain underexplored. Previous studies suggest that students’ career choices are shaped by factors such as parental influence, mentorship, perceived job stability, and intrinsic passion for patient care (Ajayi & Yusuf, 2024). Additionally, exposure to different nursing specialties during training plays a significant role in determining students’ career preferences.
Despite the availability of diverse nursing specialties, there is a concern that many students may be selecting their career paths based on financial incentives rather than passion and professional fulfillment (Bello et al., 2023). This trend can lead to job dissatisfaction, reduced motivation, and ultimately, high attrition rates in certain nursing fields. Therefore, investigating the factors that shape nursing students' career choices at the University of Jos is critical for informing educational policies, career guidance programs, and workforce planning strategies.
Statement of the Problem
The nursing profession in Nigeria faces workforce distribution challenges, with some specialties experiencing shortages while others are oversaturated. Many nursing students enter the profession without a clear understanding of the career opportunities available to them, leading to mismatched expectations and career dissatisfaction. Furthermore, there is limited research on the specific factors that influence nursing students’ career choices in Nigerian universities, particularly at the University of Jos. Understanding these factors is essential for guiding students toward fulfilling career paths and ensuring a well-distributed nursing workforce.
Objectives of the Study
1. To identify the key factors influencing career choices among nursing students at the University of Jos.
2. To examine the role of mentorship, financial incentives, and personal interests in shaping nursing students' career decisions.
3. To evaluate the impact of career guidance programs on nursing students' career choices.
Research Questions
1. What are the main factors influencing career choices among nursing students at the University of Jos?
2. How do mentorship, financial incentives, and personal interests affect nursing students' career decisions?
3. What is the impact of career guidance programs on nursing students’ career choices?
Research Hypotheses
1. Personal interest and financial incentives significantly influence nursing students' career choices at the University of Jos.
2. Mentorship plays a crucial role in shaping nursing students' career decisions.
3. Career guidance programs positively impact students’ career choices by providing relevant information and support.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nursing students at the University of Jos, assessing their career choices and the factors influencing their decisions. The study will involve surveys and interviews with students, faculty members, and career counselors. Limitations may include self-reported biases, sample size constraints, and the inability to track long-term career decisions post-graduation.
Definitions of Terms
• Career choice: The selection of a professional path based on various influencing factors, including personal interest, financial benefits, and mentorship.
• Mentorship: The guidance and support provided by experienced professionals to help students make informed career decisions.
• Career guidance programs: Institutional initiatives designed to help students explore career options and make informed professional choices.
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